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Understanding Target Components

Learn what each target component means and why it's important for effective EMDR processing.

Updated over 2 months ago

Each EmEase target is made up of several key components that work together to create a comprehensive picture of what you're processing. Understanding these components will help you create more effective targets and get the most out of your sessions.

Target Name

What it is: A brief identifier for your processing focus.

Why it matters: A clear, specific name helps you quickly identify different targets in your Journey list and maintain focus during processing.

Effective examples:

  • "Public Speaking Anxiety" (specific situation)

  • "Childhood Bullying Incident" (specific event)

  • "Rejection by Ex-Partner" (specific relationship)

Less effective examples:

  • "Feeling Bad" (too vague)

  • "Everything About My Childhood" (too broad)

Distress Level

What it is: A numerical rating (0-10) of how distressing the target feels.

Why it matters: This measurement:

  • Provides a baseline to track your progress

  • Helps you choose appropriate targets (starting with moderate rather than extreme distress)

  • Gives you objective feedback on your processing effectiveness

Tip: Be honest with yourself about your distress level. There's no "right" number, and accurate ratings help you track real progress.

Associated Memories

What it is: Specific events or experiences connected to your target.

Why it matters: Identifying specific memories:

  • Helps your brain locate exactly what needs processing

  • Creates a more focused target than general concepts

  • Often reveals connections between current issues and past experiences

Example: For a target named "Fear of Rejection," associated memories might include "Being turned down for prom in 10th grade" and "Not being selected for the team in 2019."

Current Triggers

What it is: Present-day situations that activate distress related to your target.

Why it matters: Understanding triggers:

  • Helps you recognize when you're being activated

  • Provides real-world indicators of progress (as triggers become less activating)

  • Connects past experiences to present reactions

Example: For a target about a car accident, triggers might include "Driving on highways," "Sudden loud noises," and "Seeing accidents on TV."

Negative Beliefs

What it is: Unhelpful beliefs about yourself that formed from the experience.

Why it matters: Negative beliefs:

  • Often drive emotional distress more than the memory itself

  • Tend to generalize across situations

  • Usually operate below conscious awareness until identified

  • Often form the core of what needs to shift during processing

Common negative beliefs include:

  • "I am not good enough"

  • "I am unsafe"

  • "I am powerless"

  • "I am unlovable"

  • "I am responsible for others' actions"

Tip: Focus on beliefs about yourself (starting with "I am...") rather than beliefs about others or the world.

Desired Positive Beliefs

What it is: What you would prefer to believe about yourself instead.

Why it matters: Positive beliefs:

  • Create direction for your processing

  • Help your brain recognize when healing has occurred

  • Provide contrast to highlight negative beliefs you've been carrying

Effective positive beliefs:

  • Are realistic and achievable (not magical thinking)

  • Directly counter your negative belief

  • Feel at least somewhat possible, even if not currently believable

Examples:

  • Negative: "I am powerless" β†’ Positive: "I can handle difficult situations"

  • Negative: "I am unlovable" β†’ Positive: "I am worthy of love"

Emotional Responses

What it is: Feelings that arise when you think about the target.

Why it matters: Identifying emotions:

  • Creates awareness of your emotional patterns

  • Helps you recognize when you're being triggered

  • Provides another measure of progress as emotions shift

Tip: Try to be specific about emotions rather than using general terms like "bad" or "upset." Terms like "ashamed," "angry," "fearful," or "sad" provide more clarity.

Physical Sensations

What it is: How the target manifests in your body.

Why it matters: Physical sensations:

  • Often store emotional information that isn't consciously accessible

  • Provide a direct connection to how stress affects your body

  • Offer clear signals of both activation and relief during processing

Example descriptions:

  • "Tightness in my throat when I try to speak about it"

  • "Heaviness in my chest like something is pressing down"

  • "Fluttering sensation in my stomach"

  • "Tension across my shoulders and neck"

How Components Work Together

During effective processing:

  1. Distress levels typically decrease

  2. Negative beliefs become less believable

  3. Positive beliefs become more believable

  4. Emotional responses often shift or lessen in intensity

  5. Physical sensations tend to release or transform

  6. Triggers become less activating in daily life

Updating Target Components

As you progress in your processing:

  • Update your distress ratings after sessions

  • Revise components as new insights emerge

  • Note changes in how triggers affect you

  • Track the believability of your negative and positive beliefs

Remember that all components may change throughout your healing journey as you gain new insights and perspective.


Creating comprehensive targets takes practice. Be patient with yourself as you learn to identify these components, and remember that your awareness will deepen over time.

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